• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A first aspect of the present invention relates to a fire extinguishing nozzle which comprises a mixing chamber, a ventilation chamber and a foaming chamber, wherein the ventilation chamber comprises a first cylindrical hollow body which comprises at least three air inlet holes, the foaming chamber having a second cylindrical hollow body with an axial length (L) and an inner diameter (d) and the ventilation chamber and / or foaming chamber comprise a grid, the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) for extinguishing class A fires between 4: 5 and 9: 5 or for extinguishing Class B fires between 6: 1 and 10: 1. A second and third aspect relate to a fire extinguisher comprising a fire extinguishing composition and a fire extinguishing nozzle, and the use of a nozzle or a fire extinguisher for extinguishing class A or class B fires, respectively.
    公开号:AT17274U1
    申请号:TGM50137/2020U
    申请日:2020-07-06
    公开日:2021-10-15
    发明作者:Rachidi Said；Bouzid Hobalah
    申请人:Uniteq S A；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to fire fighting equipment. In particular, the invention relates to fire extinguishing nozzles.
    BACKGROUND
    Fire extinguishing compositions generally contain mixtures of surfactants that act as foaming agents, together with solvents and other additives that give the foam the desired mechanical and chemical properties. There is a general desire to improve the foaming characteristics of known fire extinguishing compositions in order to achieve a fire extinguishing process which is faster, more efficient and, in particular, is specially tailored to a particular class of fire.
    One way to improve the foaming characteristics of fire extinguishing compositions is to change the composition itself. For this purpose, fluorinated surfactants have long been used in order to improve foaming properties, but recently these surfactants have come under scrutiny from the background of environmental safety.
    Another way to improve foaming characteristics is to change the dispensing equipment; H. the fire extinguisher used. For example EP 3 337 576 describes a fire extinguisher comprising a nozzle with a number of perforated plates for influencing the foaming characteristics of a fire extinguishing composition. However, the effect of these "hardware changes" on foam formation is quite small, resulting in limited performance, particularly in extinguishing Class A and B fires.
    Another important aspect of fire-fighting foams, particularly when the foams are to be used in the presence of live electrical equipment, relates to dielectric testing. At present, this remains a problem in the art.
    Accordingly, there remains a need in the art for a fire extinguisher which dramatically improves the foaming characteristics of fire extinguishing compositions and which improves performance for extinguishing Class A or Class B fires, regardless of the fire extinguishing composition used.
    The present invention aims to remedy at least some of the problems and disadvantages mentioned above.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention and embodiments thereof serve to provide a fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 1, which is suitable for extinguishing class A or class B fires.
    The fire extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention has an advantage of improving the foaming characteristics of a fire extinguishing composition. It is proposed that by using the nozzle according to the present invention the foaming characteristics of a fire extinguishing composition are changed such that the fire extinguishing composition can be optimally used to extinguish class A or class B fires quickly and efficiently.
    Preferred embodiments of the fire extinguishing nozzle are shown in one or more of claims 2 to 22.
    In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a fire extinguisher according to claim 23. The dependent claim 24 discloses a preferred embodiment of the
    Fire extinguisher.
    A final aspect of the present invention relates to the use of a fire nozzle or a fire extinguisher as described herein for extinguishing class A or class B fires according to claim 25. Dependent claim 26 discloses a preferred embodiment of this use.
    CHARACTERS
    Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention, wherein the nozzle comprises a single, indivisible body.
    Figure 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention, wherein the nozzle comprises a single, indivisible body.
    FIG. 3a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an assembled fire extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention, the nozzle comprising three separate and / or detachable parts.
    FIG. 3b shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a disassembled fire extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention, the nozzle comprising three separate and / or detachable parts.
    FIG. 4a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an assembled fire extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention, the nozzle comprising three separate and / or detachable parts.
    FIG. 45 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a disassembled fire extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention, the nozzle comprising three separate and / or detachable parts.
    Figure 5 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a ventilation chamber according to the present invention.
    Figure 6 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a ventilation chamber and a foaming chamber according to the present invention, wherein the aeration chamber and the foaming chamber form a single, inseparable body.
    FIG. 7 shows a perspective view and a cross-sectional inlet view of an embodiment of a mixing chamber according to the present invention.
    Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view according to an axial central axis of an embodiment of a ventilation chamber according to the present invention.
    FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a foaming chamber according to the present invention.
    FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a foaming chamber according to the present invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing nozzle suitable for extinguishing class A or class B fires. Although the nozzle according to the present invention can be used to extinguish fires of all fire classes, the advantages discussed herein focus essentially on fire classes A and B.
    Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in disclosing the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning under which they are commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs,
    be understood. As a further aid to orientation, definitions of terms are included in order to better appreciate the teaching of the present invention.
    As used herein, the following terms have the following meanings:
    “A”, “an” and “the” as used herein refer to what is designated both in the singular and in the plural, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, “a subject” means one or more than one subject.
    "About" as used herein refers to a measurable value such as a parameter, an amount, a period of time and the like and is intended to mean deviations of +/- 20% or less, preferably +/- 10% or less, more preferably +/- 5% or less, even more preferably +/- 1% or less and even more preferably +/- 0.1% or less of the specified value and from this value upwards, if such deviations are appropriate, to the disclosed invention to execute. It should be understood, however, that the value that the modifier denotes "about" is also disclosed per se.
    The specification of numerical ranges on the basis of end points includes all numbers and fractions falling within this range as well as the specified end points.
    In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a fire extinguishing nozzle which is suitable for extinguishing class A or class B fires. The fire extinguishing nozzle described herein comprises a mixing chamber, a ventilation chamber and a foaming chamber. The mixing chamber is designed to introduce a fire retardant composition into the nozzle. The ventilation chamber is coupled to the mixing chamber and comprises a first cylindrical hollow body which comprises at least three air inlet holes. The air inlet holes are arranged on the circumference of the first cylindrical hollow body and directed into it, the ventilation chamber being designed to introduce ambient air into the nozzle and then to mix the ambient air with the fire retardant composition. The foaming chamber of the nozzle comprises a second cylindrical hollow body with an axial length (L) and an inner diameter (d) and is coupled to the ventilation chamber. The foaming chamber is designed to ensure the formation of a fire-fighting foam. Furthermore, the ventilation chamber and / or the foaming chamber comprise a grid, the grid being aligned in the radial plane of the inner cross section of the ventilation chamber and / or the foaming chamber. The fire extinguishing nozzle as described herein is characterized by the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) of the foaming chamber. For extinguishing class A fires, the ratio is between 4: 5 and 9: 5 or for extinguishing class B fires it is between 6: 1 and 10: 1.
    A "fire extinguisher" is an active fire protection device that is used to extinguish or bring under control small or medium-sized fires, often in emergency situations. Typically, a fire extinguisher consists of a hand held cylindrical pressure vessel containing a fire extinguishing composition that can be dispensed to extinguish a fire. A fire extinguisher as described herein includes a “fire extinguishing nozzle,” also referred to as a “nozzle,” which is a device designed to control the direction or characteristics of a fluid flow. In light of the present invention, the fluid stream is a fire extinguishing composition.
    With regard to the term “fire class”, there are six classes of fires according to EN 2. "Fire class A" refers to fires involving combustible solids, mainly solids of an organic nature such as coal, wood, paper and textiles. “Class B fires” refer to fires involving flammable liquids such as gasoline, kerosene, tar, oils, oil-based paints and solvents. “Class C fires” indicate fires involving flammable gases such as hydrogen, propane, butane, or methane. "Class D fires" specifically target combustible metals, particularly alkali metals such as lithium, sodium, and potassium, alkaline earth metals such as magnesium, and Group 4 elements such as titanium and zirconium. "Class F fires" refer to edible oils and fats, e.g. B. Kitchen fires.
    The nozzle as described herein comprises a mixing chamber, an aeration chamber and a foaming chamber, the phrases “mixing”, “aeration” and “foaming” specifically indicating the function that the chambers perform. Thus, they serve to (pre) mix a fire extinguishing composition in the nozzle, to allow ventilation and / or venting of the fire extinguishing composition, or to allow the process of foaming, i.e. H. of creating a fire extinguishing foam from the liquid fire extinguishing composition as provided for the mixing chamber.
    The term "grid" as described herein refers to a barrier made up of interconnected strands of metal, fiber, or other flexible or deformable materials. A grid can also be referred to as a "sieve". Grids are generally characterized by their "mesh size", particularly by their "U.S. Mesh Size, which is defined as the number of openings in one square inch of a mesh. For example, a 36 mesh screen will have 36 openings per square inch. By the nature of this expression, however, the mean diameter of the openings is dependent on the thickness of the strands connected together. Against the background of the present invention, the mesh size is preferably expressed as a micrometer value which indicates the mean diameter of the openings in the grid. For example, a mesh size of 1000 µm indicates a grid in which the mean diameter of the openings is 1000 µm.
    The term “axial length” represents the length of a cylindrical body along its axis of rotation. Accordingly, the “inside diameter” is measured in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation and extends along the inside of the cylindrical hollow body.
    The fire extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention has the advantage of improving the foaming characteristics of a fire extinguishing composition for class A or B fire situations. With regard to the fire extinguishing nozzle, in which the ratio L: d is between 4: 5 and 9: 5, it is observed that the fire extinguishing foam dispensed is less compact and thinner than fire extinguishing foams produced by nozzles as generally used in the art are known to be submitted. This is particularly beneficial for Class A fires, where the fire-fighting foam must be applied to the surface of a burning material, which must be covered as quickly and completely as possible. In general, where denser foams have a slower spread of the fire-fighting foam over a burning object, the fire-extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention allows a faster spread of a fire-fighting foam, which leads to the highly efficient and highly rapid extinguishing of class A fires. With regard to the fire-fighting nozzle, where the ratio L: d is between 6: 1 and 10: 1, it is observed that the fire-fighting foam released is more compact and thicker than fire-fighting foams produced by nozzles as are well known in the art, be delivered. This is particularly beneficial for class B fires, as the fire-fighting foam should form a substantial layer on the surface of the burning liquid. The resulting compact and thick foam layer can better contain the flames to a certain area and thus prevent the fire from spreading further. Meanwhile, the contact between the burning liquid and the ambient air is efficiently reduced and / or prevented, which results in the liquid being extinguished more quickly. As a result, it is proposed that the fire extinguishing nozzle as described herein provides for more efficient and faster extinguishing of class A or class B fires. The foaming characteristics of a fire extinguishing composition are changed in such a way that the fire extinguishing composition can be optimally used to put out class A or class B fires more efficiently and quickly.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the foaming chamber comprises a foam separator element. A "foam separator element" as described herein has the meaning of any physical element suitable for at least temporarily dividing a fire-fighting foam formed in the expansion chamber into two separate streams. The nozzle as described herein thus enables formation
    a fire extinguishing foam that significantly improves the results of dielectric tests. This is a great improvement in the context of extinguishing fires in cases where live electrical equipment is present, and allows the formation of a quality foam that will pass dielectric tests.
    In the context of the present invention, reference is made to the term “dielectric test” particularly when the fire extinguishing nozzle as described herein is to be used when live electrical equipment is present. A "dielectric test" means a test that verifies the ability of a fire extinguisher to extinguish a fire on a live electrical device without causing damage and / or endangering the extinguisher operator. During such a dielectric test the electrical conductivity of the liquid stream is measured, which preferably remains below a given limit value. Limit values and suitable measurement methods for dielectric tests are subject to national or regional regulation and / or standardization, e.g. B. EN 3-7: 2007-10: "Portable fire extinguishers - Part 7: Properties, performance requirements and tests". It is submitted that the fire extinguisher nozzle as described herein has the advantage of passing dielectric tests according to EN 3-7: 2007-10 and can therefore be safely used to extinguish Class A or Class B fires if live electrical equipment is present.
    Preferably, the foam separator element (13) is aligned in the radial plane of the inner cross section of the foaming chamber (4). The foam formation in the interior of the foaming chamber is therefore minimally hindered and / or interrupted, while good separation of the foam is also ensured. The nozzle thus provides the formation of a high quality fire fighting foam that passes dielectric tests.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the foam separator element is an elongate element which is aligned in the radial plane of the inner cross section of the foaming chamber and extends along the same. The configuration in which an elongate member is aligned in and extending along the radial plane is simple to implement, but highly effective in improving the results of dielectric testing of fire-fighting foams formed in the expansion chamber of the present invention.
    In some embodiments, the foam separator element is arranged in such a way that it at least partially divides the cylindrical hollow body into two semi-cylindrical parts, which enables the efficient separation of the fire-fighting foam that is formed in the foaming chamber and thus provides optimal results in dielectric tests. The two semi-cylindrical parts preferably have the same dimensions.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the foam separator element is a rod-like element, the rod-like element being aligned in the radial plane of the inner cross section of the foaming chamber, whereby the radial plane is divided into two semicircular parts. "Rod-like elements" as described herein can be elements selected from the group consisting of rods, cylinders, pins, shafts, rods, or mandrels, but are not limited thereto. The rod-like element thus enables optimal results in dielectric tests, but by means of an easily implemented modification. The two semi-cylindrical parts preferably have the same dimensions.
    According to some embodiments, the rod-like element has a diameter between 1.0 and 3.0 mm. The rod-like element thus has optimal dimensions, as a result of which the fire-extinguishing foam is divided into at least two flows, but the flow of the fire-extinguishing foam is not hindered. Thus, excellent fire extinguishing results are achieved while at the same time dielectric tests are passed. The rod-like element preferably has a diameter between 1.1 and 2.9 mm, between 1.2 and 2.8 mm, between 1.3 and 2.7 mm, between 1.4 and 2.6 mm or between 1, 5 and 2.5 mm. More preferably, the rod-like element has a diameter between 1.5 and 2.0 mm, even more preferably between 1.6 and 2.0, even more preferably between 1.7 and 1.9 mm.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the foaming chamber comprises an outlet edge, wherein the foam separator element is positioned between 1.0 and 10.0 mm from the outlet edge. Within these ranges, the foaming characteristics and the results of dielectric tests are further improved. Preferably the foam separator element is positioned between 2.5 and 7.5 mm from the outlet edge, more preferably between 4.0 and 6.0 mm from the outlet edge, even more preferably between 4.5 and 5.5 mm from the outlet edge.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) of the foaming chamber for extinguishing class A fires is between 4: 5 and 8: 5 or for extinguishing class B fires between 7: 1 and 9: 1. Within the preferred ranges disclosed herein, a wide range of fire extinguishing compositions will cause the formation of two different fire extinguishing foams which have the optimal foaming characteristics for class A and class B fires, respectively.
    In some embodiments, the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) of the foaming chamber for extinguishing class A fires is between 4: 5 and 9: 5, preferably between 4: 5 and 8: 5.
    In some embodiments, the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) of the foaming chamber for extinguishing class B fires is between 6: 1 and 10: 1, preferably between 7: 1 and 9: 1.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the axial length (L) of the foaming chamber for extinguishing class A fires is between 10.0 and 30.0 mm or for extinguishing class B fires between 100.0 and 170.0 mm.
    The axial length (L) of the foaming chamber for extinguishing class A fires is preferably between 11.0 and 29.0 mm or for extinguishing class B fires between 110.0 and 160.0 mm. This expansion of the axial length (L) of the expansion chamber has been found to be particularly effective in extinguishing Class A or Class B fires. Furthermore, the span of the axial length (L) with regard to the connectivity of the nozzle to standard fire extinguishers and / or fire extinguishing hoses, as they are available on the market, ensure optimal ratios of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d), which is the case with most Extinguishers and / or fire hoses are compatible. In some preferred embodiments, the axial length (L) of the foaming chamber for extinguishing class A fires is between 12.0 and 28.0 mm, between 13.0 and 27.0 mm, between 14.0 and 26.0 mm or between 15.0 and 25.0 mm. In some preferred embodiments, the axial length (L) of the foaming chamber for extinguishing class B fires is between 110.0 and 150.0 mm, between 120.0 and 140.0 mm, between 121.0 and 139.0 mm, between 122.0 and 138.0 mm, between 123.0 and 137.0 mm, between 124.0 and 136.0 mm or between 125.0 and 135.0 mm.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the grating has a mesh size between 700 and 1200 µm. It is suggested that the mesh size affects various foaming characteristics, such as delivery time, delivery rate, foam expansion, foam bubble size, foam delivery angle, etc. The inventors have found that the mesh size range as described herein is a fine balance between all of the above called foaming characteristics. In particular, smaller grids create foam with a smaller bubble size, which is beneficial for controlling hydrogen fires, for example. However, using a smaller mesh size reduces the amount of foam expansion, which is suboptimal in terms of extinguishing Class B fires. On the other hand, using a larger mesh size increases the amount of foam expansion and improves the foam release angle, while the resulting bubble size is suboptimal in terms of extinguishing Class A fires. A mesh size between 700 and 1200 µm has all of the advantages mentioned above and allows the nozzles as described herein to perform
    To further optimize foaming characteristics for class A or class B fires.
    The grating preferably has a mesh size between 800 and 1100 µm. More preferably, the grid has a mesh size between 900 and 1100 µm, even more preferably between 950 and 1050 µm, between 960 and 1040 µm, between 970 and 1030 µm, between 980 and 1020 µm or between 990 and 1010 µm.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the inner cross-section of the ventilation chamber comprises a cross-sectional constriction. As used herein, the term "cross-sectional constriction" refers to any technical means for restricting the cross-sectional area through which a fire extinguishing composition can flow unimpeded. As a result of the constriction, the flow of liquid through the ventilation chamber has a higher velocity and increased turbulence, whereby the mixing of the fire extinguishing composition with ambient air is improved. As a result of the better mixing, the foam expansion and the foam bubble size for class A or class B fires are further optimized. Preferably, the cross-sectional constriction is formed as a Venturi neck, which causes the Venturi effect in the interior of the first cylindrical hollow body of the ventilation chamber, whereby air is sucked through the air inlet holes of the ventilation chamber. Better mixing of the fire extinguishing composition with air is achieved, whereby the foaming characteristics of the resulting fire extinguishing foam are further improved. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional constriction has a minimum inner diameter between 6.0 and 14.0 mm, preferably between 7.0 and 13.0 mm, more preferably between 8.0 and 12.0 mm, even more preferably between 9.0 and 10.0 mm.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the mixing chamber comprises at least two narrowed inlet holes which allow a further increase in the speed and swirling of the liquid flow before it enters the aeration chamber. The narrowed inlet holes preferably have an opening diameter between 0.5 and 2.0 mm, more preferably between 0.6 and 1.5 mm, even more preferably between 0.7 and 1.2 mm.
    Further or different embodiments of the invention relate to a nozzle, the mixing chamber having an elongated outlet. The elongated outlet is designed to efficiently guide fire extinguishing composition inside and / or at least halfway through the ventilation chamber. This design ensures optimal mixing of the fire extinguishing composition with ambient air drawn in through the air inlet hole of the ventilation chamber, thereby further improving the foaming characteristics for class A or class B fires. Preferably, the elongated outlet extends at least partially past the air inlet holes. In some embodiments, the elongated outlet is shaped as a circular truncated cone, which enables even better mixing of the fire extinguishing composition with ambient air.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the elongated outlet has an inner diameter between 6.0 and 12.0 mm, preferably between 7.0 and 11.0 mm, more preferably between 7.0 and 11.0 mm or between 8 , 0 and 10.0 mm.
    According to a further or different embodiment of the present invention, the mixing chamber, the ventilation chamber and the foaming chamber form a single, indivisible body. Here, the nozzle as a whole determines its applicability for extinguishing fires of class A or class B. A person who uses the nozzle does not have to carry out any suitable joining and / or joining of separate parts and can as such couple the nozzle directly to a fire extinguisher and thus save valuable time when putting out a class A or class B fire in an emergency situation.
    According to a further or another embodiment, the mixing chamber, the ventilation chamber and the foaming chamber comprise at least two separate and / or detachable parts of the nozzle. This enables the mixing and matching of separate and / or detachable parts and thus the fine adjustment of the nozzle to specific fires and / or emergency situations. Preferably, the mixing chamber, the ventilation chamber and the
    Foaming chamber three separate and / or detachable parts of the nozzle.
    In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a fire extinguisher comprising a fire extinguishing composition, the fire extinguisher being provided with a nozzle, the nozzle being a nozzle according to one or more of the preceding embodiments. The fire extinguisher as described herein has all of the advantages already discussed and optimizes the speed and efficiency with which Class A or Class B fires can be extinguished.
    Preferably the fire extinguishing composition is fluorine free. In general, non-fluorinated fire extinguishing compositions are preferred over fluorinated compositions because they have recently come under scrutiny from the background of environmental safety. Fire extinguishing compositions, however, generally contain fluorinated compounds, e.g. B. as surfactants that act as foaming agents to give the foam the desired mechanical and chemical properties. This is especially the case with Class A or Class B fires. The fire extinguisher as described herein now provides for the formation of a foam of comparable or even better quality using a fluorine-free fire extinguishing composition.
    A third aspect relates to the use of the fire nozzle or the fire extinguisher as described herein for extinguishing class A or class B fires, which has all of the advantages already discussed. In relation to class A fires in particular, it is observed that the fire-fighting foam dispensed is less compact and thinner than fire-fighting foams dispensed with fire nozzles or fire extinguishers as are well known in the art. This is particularly advantageous as the fire-fighting foam must be applied to the surface of a burning material, which must be covered as quickly and as completely as possible. In relation to class B fires in particular, it is observed that the fire-fighting foam dispensed is more compact and thicker than fire-fighting foams dispensed with fire nozzles or fire extinguishers as are well known in the art. This is particularly advantageous because the fire-fighting foam should form a substantial layer on the surface of the burning liquid. The resulting compact and thick foam layer can better contain the flames to a certain area and thus prevent the fire from spreading further. Meanwhile, the contact between the burning liquid and the ambient air is efficiently reduced and / or prevented, which results in the liquid being extinguished more quickly.
    It is argued that the present use provides for more efficient and faster extinguishing of Class A or Class B fires. The foaming characteristics of a fire extinguishing composition are changed in such a way that the fire extinguishing composition can be optimally used to extinguish class A or class B fires more efficiently and quickly.
    Notwithstanding that the present use of the nozzle as described herein vastly improves the foaming characteristics of all fire extinguishing compositions, a preferred use relates to fire extinguishing compositions that are fluorine-free. Although fire extinguishing compositions generally contain fluorinated compounds to give the foam the desired mechanical and chemical properties, the use of the fire nozzle or fire extinguisher as described herein now ensures the formation of a foam of comparable or even better quality using one fluorine-free fire extinguishing composition.
    DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
    The following description of the figures of specific embodiments of the invention is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present teachings, their application, or uses. In all of the drawings, corresponding reference characters indicate similar or corresponding parts and features.
    Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing nozzle 1 according to the present invention, the nozzle 1 comprising a single, indivisible body. The nozzle 1 is particularly suitable for extinguishing class A fires and is understood to have an inlet a and an outlet b. In this case, the inlet a is to be coupled to a fire extinguisher and the outlet b relates to the passage through which the fire extinguishing composition is released. The nozzle 1 comprises a mixing chamber 2, a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4. Notwithstanding that the mixing chamber 2, the aeration chamber 3 and the foaming chamber 4 are shaped as a single, indivisible body, the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L. : d) the foaming chamber 4 is clearly set between 4: 5 and 9: 5. The ventilation chamber 3 includes four air inlet holes 6, which allows contact between ambient air and the fire extinguishing composition that passes through the nozzle 1. For easy coupling and / or uncoupling of the nozzle 1 with a fire extinguisher or a fire hose, an external thread 12 is provided at the inlet a. By using the nozzle 1 as described herein, the fire-fighting foam dispensed is less compact in nature and is thinner than fire-fighting foams dispensed through nozzles as are well known in the art. This is particularly beneficial for Class A fires, where the fire-fighting foam must be applied to the surface of a burning material, which must be covered as quickly and completely as possible.
    Figure 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing nozzle 1 according to the present invention, the nozzle 1 comprising a single, indivisible body. The nozzle 1 is particularly useful for extinguishing class B fires and is understood to have an inlet a and an outlet b. In this case, the inlet a is to be coupled to a fire extinguisher and the outlet b relates to the passage through which the fire extinguishing composition is released. The nozzle 1 comprises a mixing chamber 2, a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4. Notwithstanding that the mixing chamber 2, the aeration chamber 3 and the foaming chamber 4 are shaped as a single, indivisible body, the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L. : d) the foaming chamber 4 is clearly set between 6: 1 and 10: 1. The ventilation chamber 3 includes four air inlet holes 6, which allows contact between ambient air and the fire extinguishing composition that passes through the nozzle 1. For easy coupling and / or uncoupling of the nozzle 1 with a fire extinguisher or a fire hose, an external thread 12 is provided at the inlet a. By using the nozzle 1 as described herein, the fire-fighting foam dispensed is more compact and thicker than fire-fighting foams dispensed through fire-fighting nozzles as are well known in the art. This is particularly advantageous for extinguishing Class B fires, as the fire-fighting foam is intended to form a substantial layer on the surface of the burning liquid. The resulting compact and thick foam layer can better contain the flames to a certain area and thus prevent the fire from spreading further. Meanwhile, the contact between the burning liquid and the ambient air is efficiently reduced and / or prevented, which means that fires of liquids are extinguished more quickly.
    Figure 3a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an assembled fire extinguishing nozzle 1 according to the present invention, the nozzle 1 comprising three separate and / or detachable parts, i.e. H. a mixing chamber 2, a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4. The nozzle 1 is particularly useful for extinguishing class A fires and is understood to have an inlet a and an outlet b. Fig. 3b shows a perspective view of the same embodiment of the fire extinguishing nozzle 1 in a disassembled state. The mixing chamber 2, the ventilation chamber 3 and the foaming chamber 4 can be seen here as three separate units. For easy coupling and / or decoupling of the parts, external threads 12 are provided at the inlet a of the mixing chamber 2, at the outlet of the mixing chamber 2 and at the outlet of the ventilation chamber 3. Internal threads 11 compatible therewith are provided at the inlet of the ventilation chamber 2 and at the inlet of the foaming chamber 4. The ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) of the foaming chamber 4 is also clearly defined between 4: 5 and 9: 5. The ventilation chamber 3 includes four air inlet holes 6, what
    allows contact between ambient air and the fire extinguishing composition passing through the nozzle 1. The aeration chamber 3 further comprises a grid 7 which affects various foaming characteristics such as delivery time, delivery throughput, foam expansion, foam bubble size, foam delivery angle, etc. By using the nozzle 1 as described herein, the foaming characteristics of a fire extinguishing composition are changed such that the fire extinguishing composition can be optimally used to extinguish class A fires efficiently and quickly.
    Figure 4a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an assembled fire extinguishing nozzle 1 according to the present invention, the nozzle 1 comprising three separate and / or detachable parts, i.e. H. a mixing chamber 2, a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4. The nozzle 1 is particularly useful for extinguishing class B fires and is understood to have an inlet a and an outlet b. Fig. 4b shows a perspective view of the same embodiment of the fire extinguishing nozzle 1 in a disassembled state. The mixing chamber 2, the ventilation chamber 3 and the foaming chamber 4 can be seen here as three separate units. For easy coupling and / or decoupling of the parts, external threads 12 are provided at the inlet a of the mixing chamber 2, at the outlet of the mixing chamber 2 and at the outlet of the ventilation chamber 3. Internal threads 11 compatible therewith are provided at the inlet of the ventilation chamber 2 and at the inlet of the foaming chamber 4. The ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) of the foaming chamber 4 is also clearly defined between 6: 1 and 10: 1. The ventilation chamber 3 includes four air inlet holes 6, which allows contact between ambient air and the fire extinguishing composition that passes through the nozzle 1. The aeration chamber 3 further comprises a grid 7 which affects various foaming characteristics such as delivery time, delivery throughput, foam expansion, foam bubble size, foam delivery angle, etc. By using the nozzle 1 as described herein, the foaming characteristics of a fire extinguishing composition are changed such that the fire extinguishing composition can be optimally used to extinguish class B fires efficiently and quickly.
    5 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a ventilation chamber 3 according to the present invention, which comprises air inlet holes 6 and a grille 7. An external thread 12 is provided for easy coupling and / or decoupling of the ventilation chamber 3 with / from other parts of the nozzle.
    Figure 6 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4 according to the present invention, the aeration 3 and foaming chambers 4 forming a single, inseparable body. Regardless of the fact that the ventilation chamber and the foaming chamber 4 are formed as a single, indivisible body, the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) of the foaming chamber 4 is clearly set between 4: 5 and 9: 5. 6 also serves to illustrate the first cylindrical hollow body 5 of the ventilation chamber 3, which is provided on the inside with an internal thread 11 in order to ensure easy coupling and / or decoupling with / from a mixing chamber and comprises four air inlet holes 6.
    Fig. 7 shows a perspective view and a cross-sectional inlet view of an embodiment of a mixing chamber 2 according to the present invention. The mixing chamber 2 comprises two narrowed inlet holes 8 which allow the speed and turbulence of the liquid flow of a fire extinguishing composition to be increased before it enters a ventilation chamber. The external threads 12 provide for the easy coupling of the mixing chamber 2 with a downstream fire extinguisher and an upstream ventilation chamber therewith coupled ventilation chamber leads.
    8 shows a sectional illustration along an axial central axis of an embodiment of a ventilation chamber 3 according to the present invention. The ventilation chamber 3 comprises air inlet holes 6 and is provided with a grille 7 and an external thread 12 for easy
    Coupling provided with a foaming chamber. The first cylindrical hollow body 5, in particular the inner cross section of the ventilation chamber 3, comprises a cross-sectional constriction 10, which is formed as a Venturi neck. This causes the Venturi effect in the interior of the first cylindrical hollow body 5, as a result of which air is sucked through the air inlet holes 6 of the ventilation chamber 3.
    Figures 9 and 10 show a perspective view and a front view, respectively, of a foaming chamber 4 comprising a foam separator element 13 according to the present invention. The foam separator element 13 is shaped as a rod-like element and separates a fire-fighting foam, which is formed in the foaming chamber, at least temporarily into two separate streams. The foaming chamber 4, as it is described herein, thus enables the formation of a fire-fighting foam which significantly improves the results of dielectric tests. The foam separator element 13 is aligned in the radial plane of the inner cross section of the foaming chamber 4, as a result of which the foam formation is minimally impeded and / or interrupted, while good separation of the foam is also ensured. The configuration shown, in which the foam separator element 14, in particular the rod-like element, is oriented in the radial plane and extends along the same, is simple to implement, but is highly effective for improving the results of the dielectric testing of fire-fighting foams. The foam separator element 14 is arranged in such a way that it at least partially divides the cylindrical hollow body into two semicylindrical parts 14, 14 'or, alternatively, divides the radial plane into two semicircular parts 15, 15', which enables the efficient separation of the fire-fighting foam that is in the foaming chamber 4 is formed, enables. The foaming chamber 4 includes an outlet edge 16, the foam separator element 14 being positioned between 1.0 and 10.0 mm from the outlet edge.
    LIST OF NUMBERED ITEMS:
    1 fire extinguishing nozzle
    2 mixing chambers
    3 ventilation chamber
    4 foaming chamber
    5 first cylindrical hollow body 6 air inlet hole
    7 grids
    8 narrowed inlet hole
    9 elongated outlet 10 cross-sectional constriction 11 internal thread
    12 external threads
    13 foam separator element 14, 14 ‘semicylindrical parts 15, 15 ° semicircular parts
    16 Outlet edge of the foaming chamber A inlet
    b outlet
    L axial length
    d inside diameter
    权利要求:
    Claims (26)
    [1]
    1. Fire extinguishing nozzle, wherein the fire extinguishing nozzle (1) comprises a mixing chamber (2), a ventilation chamber (3) and a foaming chamber (4), wherein
    - The ventilation chamber is coupled to the mixing chamber and comprises a first cylindrical hollow body (5) which comprises at least three air inlet holes (6), the air inlet holes being arranged on the circumference of the first cylindrical hollow body and directed towards it,
    - The foaming chamber comprises a second cylindrical hollow body with an axial length (L) and an inner diameter (d), the foaming chamber being coupled to the ventilation chamber, and
    - the aeration chamber and / or the foaming chamber comprises / comprise a grid (7), the grid being aligned in the radial plane of the inner cross-section of the aeration chamber and / or the foaming chamber, characterized in that the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) the foaming chamber is between 4: 5 and 9: 5 for extinguishing class A fires or between 6: 1 and 10: 1 for extinguishing class B fires.
    [2]
    2. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the foaming chamber (4) comprises a foam separator element (13).
    [3]
    3. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that the foam separator element (13) is aligned in the radial plane of the inner cross section of the foaming chamber (4).
    [4]
    4. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the foam separator element (13) is an elongate element which is aligned in the radial plane of the inner cross section of the foaming chamber (4) and extends along the same.
    [5]
    5. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 2-4, characterized in that the foam separator element (13) is arranged such that it at least partially divides the cylindrical hollow body into two semi-cylindrical parts (14, 14 °).
    [6]
    6. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that the two semi-cylindrical parts have the same dimensions.
    [7]
    7. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 2-5, characterized in that the foam separator element (13) is a rod-like element, the rod-like element being aligned in the radial plane of the inner cross section of the foaming chamber and thereby the radial plane in two semicircular parts (15, 15 °) divided.
    [8]
    8. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that the two semicircular parts (15, 15 °) have the same dimensions.
    [9]
    9. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the rod-like element has a diameter between 1.0 and 3.0 mm.
    [10]
    10. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that the rod-like element has a diameter between 1.5 and 2.0 mm, preferably between 1.7 and 1.9 mm.
    [11]
    11. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 2-10, wherein the foaming chamber comprises an outlet edge (16), characterized in that the foam separator element (13) is positioned between 1.0 and 10.0 mm from the outlet edge (16).
    [12]
    12. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 11, characterized in that the foam separator element (13) is positioned between 2.5 and 7.5 mm from the outlet edge (16), preferably between 4.0 and 6.0 mm from the outlet edge.
    [13]
    13. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 1-12, characterized in that the ratio of the axial length to the inner diameter (L: d) of the foaming chamber (3) for extinguishing class A fires between 4: 5 and 8: 5 or to Extinguish
    of class B fires is between 7: 1 and 9: 1.
    [14]
    14. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 1-13, characterized in that the axial length (L) of the foaming chamber (3) for extinguishing class A fires between 10.0 and 30.0 mm or for extinguishing class fires B is between 100.0 and 170.0 mm.
    [15]
    15. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 1-14, characterized in that the grid (7) has a mesh size between 700 and 1200 µm, preferably between 800 and 1100 µm.
    [16]
    16. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 1-15, characterized in that the inner cross section of the ventilation chamber (3) comprises a cross-sectional constriction (10).
    [17]
    17. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 16, characterized in that the cross-sectional constriction (10) is shaped as a Venturi neck.
    [18]
    18. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 1-17, characterized in that the mixing chamber (2) comprises at least two narrowed inlet holes (8).
    [19]
    19. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 1-18, characterized in that the mixing chamber (2) comprises an elongated outlet (9).
    [20]
    20. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to claim 19, characterized in that the elongated outlet (9) is shaped as a circular truncated cone.
    [21]
    21. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 1-20, characterized in that the mixing chamber (2), the ventilation chamber (3) and the foaming chamber (4) are a single, inseparable body.
    [22]
    22. Fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 1-21, characterized in that the mixing chamber (2), the ventilation chamber (3) and the foaming chamber (4) comprise at least two separate and / or detachable parts of the nozzle, preferably three separate and / or detachable parts of the nozzle.
    [23]
    23. A fire extinguisher comprising a fire extinguishing composition, the fire extinguisher being provided with a nozzle, the nozzle being a nozzle according to any one of claims 1-22.
    [24]
    24. Fire extinguisher according to claim 23, characterized in that the fire extinguishing composition is fluorine-free.
    [25]
    25. Use of the fire extinguishing nozzle according to one of claims 1-22 or the fire extinguisher according to claim 23 or 24 for extinguishing class A or class B fires.
    [26]
    26. Use according to claim 25, characterized in that the fire extinguishing composition is fluorine-free.
    In addition 6 sheets of drawings
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT17230U1|2021-09-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5054688A|1989-12-20|1991-10-08|Robwen, Inc.|Foam producing nozzle|
    US20070125881A1|2005-12-05|2007-06-07|Neil Gansebom|Foam-dispensing nozzle for pressurized fluid delivery apparatus|
    US3701482A|1971-03-17|1972-10-31|Norman H Sachnik|Foam generating nozzle|
    JPS5248640Y2|1973-09-10|1977-11-05|
    US5445226A|1993-05-04|1995-08-29|Scott Plastics Ltd.|Foam generating apparatus for attachment to hose delivering pressurized liquid|
    US6561438B1|1997-07-15|2003-05-13|The Fountainhead Group|Foam generating nozzle assembly|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATGM50023/2020U|AT17230U1|2020-02-10|2020-02-10|FIRE NOZZLE AND FIRE EXTINGUISHER|EP21155804.4A| EP3862055A1|2020-02-10|2021-02-08|Fire extinguishing nozzle and fire extinguisher|
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